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2021
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Applications of Surface Plasmon Technology
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Surface plasmon polaritons are waves that exist near the interface between two media, and the refractive index distribution on either side of the interface significantly influences the field distribution. This property can be exploited for sensing applications.
1. Surface plasmon polaritons are waves that exist near the interface between two media, and the refractive index distribution on either side of the interface significantly influences the field profile. This property can be exploited for sensing applications. To date, biosensing based on the Kretschmann configuration has advanced considerably, offering advantages such as a simple structure, high sensitivity, label-free detection, real-time monitoring of molecular binding events, reusable sensor chips, and rapid response times. This technology is currently applicable to the analysis of gases, liquids, and organic thin films, with primary applications in the life sciences and chemistry. Major commercial products include the Biocore 3000, manufactured by Biocore AB of Sweden.
2. Surface plasmon polaritons exhibit localized field distributions, with penetration depths that can be smaller than the wavelength, thereby breaking the diffraction limit. This enables their use in fabricating subwavelength optoelectronic devices and facilitates the integration of such components. For example, subwavelength waveguides, subwavelength Bragg reflectors, and subwavelength lenses can be realized. Moreover, by overcoming the diffraction limit, surface plasmon effects can be exploited for near-field microscopy, lithography, and other applications.
3. Applications of surface plasmon polaritons in novel energy‑related devices such as solar cells and LEDs. Currently, the surface plasmon effect can be harnessed in solar cells to enhance their photoelectric conversion efficiency, and it can likewise be employed in LEDs to improve their light extraction efficiency. If commercial products based on this technology can be developed, surface plasmon polaritons could play a meaningful role in addressing humanity’s energy challenges.
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