Plasma treatment with fluorocarbon compounds introduces fluorine-containing groups to obtain a low-energy surface, which enables the material to obtain various special properties. It is used in various aspects and is an important means of material modification.

Application of fluorine-containing gas low-temperature plasma technology in the textile industry

Plasma treatment is compared with the traditional wet treatment process of textile printing and dyeing enterprises. As an effective surface treatment technology, plasma treatment technology is a very promising clean production technology. The application research of plasma processing technology in textiles at home and abroad mainly focuses on the following aspects: improving the spinning performance of wool fiber; improving the dyeing and printing performance of the fiber; improving the anti-felting performance of wool; the deepening effect of dyed fabrics Improve the bonding force and interface strength between the fiber and the polymer matrix; enhance the pre-treatment effect of the fabric, etc. The atmosphere used is mostly oxygen, nitrogen, air, and argon.

The durable water and oil repellent multi-functional finishing of the fabric is done with organic fluorine resin in many reports at home and abroad. Plasma treatment is used to introduce fluorine-containing groups to carry out durable, water- and oil-repellent multifunctional finishing. There are not many studies in this area.

Using fluorine-containing gas plasma treatment can improve the water and oil repellency of various fibers. Yasuda treated some common fibers such as polyester, nylon, vinylon, cotton, nylon, wool and silk fabrics with CF4 plasma. After the treatment, the contact angle of the fabric has improved to varying degrees, the surface tension is reduced, and the fabric has good properties. Water and oil repellency. Someone uses fluorine-containing monomers to carry out plasma polymerization on cotton fabrics and acrylic fabrics to make the fabrics have good waterproof effects. The softness, water retention rate, color change, hand feel, and air permeability of cotton fabrics are better than fabrics coated with commercial Scotchgad waterproof and antifouling agent.

There are a variety of gases that can be used as a plasma treatment atmosphere, including CF4, C2F4, C3F6, CF4 and H2 mixed gases, etc. These gases can improve the water repellency of the fabric, and the water repellency depends on the type of fluorocarbon compound used. Different, the processing time and power vary. Using different gases and different operating conditions to process different fabrics, the fluorine content on the surface of the fabric is obviously different, and the introduced fluorine-containing groups are also different. Using CF4 as the atmosphere to treat nylon, the surface fluorine element content is 1-2%; with C3F6 as the atmosphere, the surface fluorine element content is 2.3-7.8%. Through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), it is observed that CF4 plasma treatment produces fluorination on the surface of the fiber and introduces fluorine-containing groups. The analysis of the Cls spectrum shows that -COC-, -CF, -CF2 and -CF3 The groups increase, while the -COH and -COOH groups decrease. For different fabrics, the main groups introduced are also different. For polyester, nylon, vinylon and cotton fabrics, -CF2 groups are mainly introduced, while natural protein fibers wool and silk exhibit strong -CF absorption. And the treatment effect of C3F6 is better than that of CF4.

The durability of the treatment effect is one of the important indicators for evaluating the pros and cons of the treatment effect. It has been reported that the fabric after plasma treatment has a aging effect, that is, the hydrophilic properties obtained will gradually decline after a period of time. However, the polyester fabric is treated with CF4 plasma and it is found that even if the treated material is stored for 150 days, no F/ C has a significant change, and its water repellency performance has not changed significantly. The study found that the structure using gas is an important factor influencing the durability of the fabric treatment effect. When the fabric uses unsaturated structure gas, the durability is worse than saturated structure gas. The reason may be that the unsaturated gas is easily polymerized during plasma treatment, and the polymer is not very firmly bonded to the surface of the fabric.

The water repellency obtained after plasma treatment will be weakened after washing and drying. Because the fluorine-containing groups on the surface of the fabric are easily reversed after washing the fabric, the surface tension increases, resulting in a decrease in the water repellency of the fabric. If high temperature is used after washing Drying is conducive to the recovery of water repellency.